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Category Archives: sfNIRS2024-Session-1
Fr-076-Sex Matters: Identifying Neural Profiles as Predictors of Sex Specific ADHD Subtypes
Neurodevelopmental research on ADHD often fail to include females and all presenting subtypes within sample populations. Historical subtype diagnoses of ADHD have been specific to observed behavior primarily in one sex or the other. Sixty-four children (female=34) were screened, categorized, and diagnosed and then administered a passive viewing resting paradigm with a nearly full coverage, bilateral probe. Our results suggest that previous work may be biased in conflating sex with subtype in neural profiles of ADHD. Phenotypical presentation of ADHD may be dependent on sex specific neural circuitry above and beyond subtype presentations within this disorder. Continue reading
Fr-031-Investigating the effect of channel pruning on fNIRS data collected from Gambian children aged 5-60 months
Channel pruning to combat poor scalp-optode coupling is a crucial fNIRS preprocessing step. QT-NIRS allows users to perform pruning efficiently, however there is no consensus on threshold values for the tool parameters in data collected in infants and toddlers. We propose a metric to assess the impact of QT-NIRS parameters Scalp Coupling Index (SCI) and Peak Spectral Power (PSP) on data retention and quality. We demonstrate its application in data collected from Gambian participants tested at 6 time points between 5- and 60 months of age, and its potential utility in guiding fNIRS users working with infant and toddler participants. Continue reading
Fr-007-The effect of diverse hair and skin properties on fNIRS signal quality
fNIRS signal quality is sensitive to hair and skin properties. In this work, we aim to quantify this by running an fNIRS study in a large cohort of diverse subjects with a wide range of skin and hair properties. Our multiple linear regression analysis revealed that hair characteristics, specifically cumulative hair thickness and hair color, as well as skin pigmentation explain the variability in several signal quality metrics for fNIRS such as Scalp Coupling Index and Peak Spectral Power. Continue reading
Fr-010-Haemodynamic and metabolic functional responses in people with dementia – a functional bNIRS study
Broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (bNIRS) is a promising tool for at-home disease monitoring, especially for degenerative neurovascular pathologies such as dementia. bNIRS can estimate both haemodynamic and metabolic changes giving a better understanding of neurovascular coupling than conventional NIRS. Here we show preliminary functional bNIRS results from 3 participants with varying severity of dementia, highlighting the potential benefit of additional metabolic monitoring in understanding prodromal cases. Continue reading
Fr-014-Comparison of Commercially Available LEDs for Broadband NIRS
This study presents an experimental evaluation aiming to assess the feasibility of using commercially available broadband Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as potential substitutes for the traditional tungsten halogen (TH) light sources in broadband Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (bNIRS) applications with demonstration in arm occlusion experiments. Results indicated similar chromophore concentration changes and area under curve metrics across all light sources. The findings suggest that LEDs can replace halogen sources in bNIRS applications. Continue reading
Fr-016-Two-phase auditory evoked fNIRS responses in sleeping infants
Our research revealed a consistent two-phased fNIRS response indicative of changes in oxygenated blood concentration when infants are exposed to brief, repeated speech segments while asleep. We proposed a method to extract the independent components in the fNIRS responses based on Independent Component Analysis. We hypothesise that two extracted independent components consist of a positive component and a negative component. The extracted components are valuable features that can be used for objectively assessing hearing levels in sleeping infants. Continue reading
Fr-050-Uncovering the neural basis of naturalistic speech comprehension with high-density diffuse optical tomography
Everyday communication involves complex scenes, visual speech, and context not found in traditional laboratory tasks. To understand the neural basis of natural speech processing we used high-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) to measure regional brain response while participants watched a movie clip. Individual word onsets were modeled in a general linear model framework to identify responses to auditory-only and audiovisual speech. In Experiment 1, we identify modality-dependent responses to language from movie viewing in normal-hearing adults. In Experiment 2, we show differences in speech processing between listeners with cochlear implants and those with normal hearing. Continue reading
Fr-024-Estimating the effect of flow versus volume changes on near infrared spectroscopy derived metrics
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers the potential for monitoring autoregulation without the limitations of other methods, however, the effect of cerebral flow and volume changes within the autoregulation range require further study. Data from participants (n=34) undergoing traumatic brain injury (TBI) treatment with simultaneous flow (flow velocity (FV) via transcranial Doppler (TCD)), volume (via intracranial pressure (ICP) probe) and NIRS was collected. Coherence was calculated between ICP & NIRS and TCD & NIRS. Results show total haemoglobin (HbT) and ICP had the highest coherence within the CAR range, deoxyhaemoglobin (HHb) had the highest coherence within the high-frequency CAR range (both P<0.05). Continue reading
Fr-086-Neural Synchrony as a Mechanism for Shared Reality
Past studies examining social interactions have shown that shared reality shapes collective understanding and social cohesion. While prior research focused on singular perspectives, we investigated the dynamic gradient of neural synchrony in evolving states of shared reality. Dyads of participants (N=34), with different views on student council candidates, will interact, with the objective of reaching an agreement on one candidate. During the interaction, participants' brain response will be measured using fNIRS. We will analyze neural synchrony within different regions to find patterns associated with different states of shared reality. We expect to find increased neural synchrony in social cognition areas. Continue reading
Fr-109-Individualized head models from registered optodes or photogrammetry for improved DOT image reconstruction
We propose a data-driven algorithm to approximate individual head anatomies in case of unavailable MRI/CT scans to improve image reconstruction accuracy over widely used standard head models such as Colin27. Based on a low-dimensional representation of a large head model database we derive individual head parameters solely from additional knowledge of the subject’s scalp as gained from e.g. photogrammetry scans or exact optode positions. Preliminary photon simulation results show significantly less deviation from the subject’s ground truth head model compared to Colin27 and raises hopes for improved source reconstructions with little effort in many future fNIRS studies. Continue reading