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Tag Archives: Neuro-Degeneration
Fr-004-Investigating Parkinson’s Disease Motor Cortex Functional Connectivity with fNIRS
We employed fNIRS to examine motor cortex functional connectivity in Parkinson's Disease (PD), comparing it with controls using graph theoretical network analysis and network-based statistics. We found PD patients have significantly lower clustering coefficients and small-world indices over a wide range of sparsity thresholds, indicating a less efficient motor network, supported by network-based statistics showing a disconnected bilateral subnetwork. These findings underscore the potential of fNIRS in understanding PD neural basis, highlighting significant alterations in motor cortex connectivity and organization, and suggesting a path for future research into the condition's neurological underpinnings Continue reading
Fr-044-Multimodal Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and 9.4T MRI shows reduced perfusion and abnormal oxidative metabolism in the EAE mouse model of MS
While multiple sclerosis (MS) is typically considered a white matter disease, there is prominent evidence that gray matter pathology, such as hypoxia, disruptions in metabolic rate and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved as well. We are applying a novel multimodal technique combining near-infrared spectroscopy and high-field MRI to study the mitochondrial status as well as oxygen delivery and consumption in the cortex of the EAE mouse model of MS. Reduced perfusion, and consequent hypoxia, with abnormal mitochondrial regulation and no change in consumption rate were found in EAE mice. Hypoxia and mitochondrial damage are likely to exacerbate the pathology in MS. Continue reading
Su-088-The potential of using a hemodynamic signal as a biomarker of cognitive load in sickle cell disease
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder that leads to anemia, chronic organ damage, and severe neurological complications. We used continuous wave near-infrared spectroscopy (CW-NIRS) to analyze hemodynamic responses in controls and adult patients with SCD during a cognitive task that assesses processing speed. Our preliminary analysis shows significant differences in hemodynamic responses between SCD and controls (SCD: −0.02 ± 0.06; controls: 0.07 ± 0.09; < 0.05). These findings suggest the utility of using hemodynamic response measured by a portable CW-NIRS instrument as a functional biomarker to assess cognitive function in patients with SCD at the bedside. Continue reading
Fr-010-Haemodynamic and metabolic functional responses in people with dementia – a functional bNIRS study
Broadband near-infrared spectroscopy (bNIRS) is a promising tool for at-home disease monitoring, especially for degenerative neurovascular pathologies such as dementia. bNIRS can estimate both haemodynamic and metabolic changes giving a better understanding of neurovascular coupling than conventional NIRS. Here we show preliminary functional bNIRS results from 3 participants with varying severity of dementia, highlighting the potential benefit of additional metabolic monitoring in understanding prodromal cases. Continue reading
Fr-066-Early Detection of Sepsis-Related Microvascular Dysfunction with NIRS
Increased amplitude of vasomotion, reflected in the power of low-frequency hemoglobin (HbT) oscillations, is an early indicator of sepsis-related microvascular dysfunction (MVD). This study simultaneously monitored peripheral and cerebral vasomotion using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) paired with continuous wavelet transform (CWT) analysis. The results reveal that the peripheral microcirculation is a more consistent target for detecting early MVD during sepsis than the brain, likely due to partial early protection of vital organs. Continue reading
Sa-016-Studying conditions with brain inflammation using near-infrared spectroscopic techniques
Abstract: Measuring hypoxia and brain function is important to understand the impact of several pathologies involving brain inflammation and to investigate treatment effects. We use the frequency domain NIRS and functional NIRS in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). We show that cortical microvascular hypoxia occurs in MS and PACS and that functional connectivity may indicate brain function and adaptations. NIRS can provide useful biomarkers in several pathologies that are associated with inflammation, hypoxia, and reduced function. Continue reading
Su-093-Effect of Baseline on Prefrontal Brain Activity during Single- and Dual-Task Walking in Healthy Adults and Persons with Parkinson’s Disease
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was used to examine the impact of different baselines on changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (∆HbO) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) during a cognitive task, single-task (ST) walking, and dual-task (DT) walking in healthy young adults (HYA), healthy older adults (HOA), and persons with Parkinson’s disease (PwPD). Baseline had a greater impact on ∆HbO during both walking tasks in PwPD, and during the cognitive task in PwPD and HOA. While baseline did not have an impact in HYA, there was more variability within the PFC in this group than the others during the cognitive task. Continue reading