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Tag Archives: Poster
Fr-011-The association between caregiver inhibitory control, caregiving behaviours, and infant visual cognition
This study investigated whether caregiver inhibitory control was associated with infant visual cognition and whether caregiver behaviours during dyadic interactions could explain this association. Caregiver inhibitory control was assessed using a Go-NoGo task and infant visual cognition was assessed using a preferential looking task. Caregiver behaviours were coded from naturalistic play interactions. Better caregiver inhibitory control was associated with lesser left middle frontal gyrus (lMFG) activation in infants. While caregiver behaviours did not mediate this association, better caregiver scaffolding was negatively associated with lesser infant lMFG activation, suggesting that supportive caregiving might directly impact attentional control networks in infants. Continue reading
Fr-013-Investigating the Neural Bases of Language Processing During a Live Social Interaction: A fNIRS Study of Neurotypical and Autistic Children
The present study examined the neural bases of language processing during a live social interaction in 20 neurotypical (NT) and 20 autistic (ASD) children, 3 to 6 years old. fNIRS was used to measure children’s brain response during a live language condition (listened to story read by live experimenter) and a recorded language condition (listened to story played via audio recording). We found group differences in brain response to live language and recorded language, as well as associations between children’s brain response and their language skills. Findings may help to explain why ASD children experience challenges using and understanding language. Continue reading
Fr-075-Hyperspectral time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy technique for adult neuromonitoring
Hyperspectral time-resolved near-infrared spectrometers have the potential to monitor adult cerebral blood oxygenation and metabolism with minimal extracerebral contamination; however, they are typically limited by trade-offs between spectral range, spectral resolution, and sampling rate. This work presents a hyperspectral time-resolved near-infrared spectrometer that uses compressive sensing to enable fast data acquisition while maintaining spectral range and resolution. The sensitivity of the device to changes in blood oxygenation and metabolism in deep tissue was confirmed in phantom experiments with comparison to gold standard measures. Future work will validate the sensitivity of the device to adult cerebral blood oxygenation and metabolism. Continue reading
Fr-074-Laughing Together – do people synchronize and bond when they laugh together?
The aim of this study is to investigate if laughing together supports interbrain synchrony which in turn supports positive social outcomes between people. For this purpose, we manipulate laughing in pairs of participants and subsequently measure interbrain synchrony with fNIRS hyperscanning, bonding and joint action. We use a sequential Bayesian approach to achieve the sample size with a Bayes factor of 5 or 1/5. A preliminary Bayes ANOVA (N=84) revealed that the data for the interbrain synchrony are in favor of the null hypotheses. Further variables (laughter, bonding) are currently being analyzed. Data collection is ongoing. Continue reading
Fr-071-Simultaneous broadband NIRS and EEG to characterise social brain specialisation in infants
Our current comprehension of functional specialisation in infants is limited to insights of either spatial or temporal neural activation. We propose that functional specialisation is underpinned by coordinated physiological responses as part of the neurovascular coupling (NVC) pathway. To investigate this, we used broadband NIRS (bNIRS) simultaneously with EEG to measure neural activity alongside haemodynamic and metabolic changes in 4-to-7-month-old infants, in response to social and non-social stimuli. We demonstrated task- and frequency-dependent coupling between neural oscillatory activity, haemodynamics and metabolism. Development of simultaneous multi-modal neuroimaging methods opens new vistas in understanding brain functional specialisation. Continue reading
Fr-006-The Utility of fNIRS for Evaluating Human Voice Acoustics for Stress Management
This study examined the utility of fNIRS in assessing soothing-voice-facilitated mental stress recovery. For this purpose, we measured the prefrontal cortex activity of 35 participants during a stress task and its recovery phase. We used a soothing voice intervention during experimental group recovery. Two control groups received a flat, robotic voice or silence to distinguish the effects of voice stimulation from attention shifts to irrelevant sounds. Measurements of fNIRS and salivary cortisol showed that stress markers dropped faster in the presence of a natural, soothing voice compared to both controls. Continue reading
Sa-003-Visual cognition and dyadic interactions in caregivers and infants.
This study investigated whether there was an association between caregiver and infant visual cognition, and how caregiver-infant dyadic interactions were linked to this association. Visual cognition was measured using the preferential looking task. Caregivers and infants also engaged in unstructured play with toys. fNIRS was used to record brain activation. We found that there was an association between caregiver and infant visual cognition during experimental paradigms, and an association between caregiver and infant behaviors during dyadic interactions. Lastly, we find robust links between visual cognition and dyadic behaviors in caregivers and infants separately. Continue reading
Fr-107-Within Subject Reproducibility of fNIRS
The reproducibility of functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) acquisition over multiple sessions is not well understood. To address this, four participants completed at least ten sessions of a right-hand finger tapping task while brain activity was measured with 102 fNIRS channels. Reproducibility was quantified as the probability of significant task related activity across sessions at the channel and source levels. Individual reproducibility ranged [0.4, 1.0] across participants, spatial scale, and hemoglobin species and significantly more repeatability for oxyhemoglobin (F(1,18) = 7.81, p<0.05) and ROI based analysis (F(2,18) = 4.48, p<0.05). Increasing reproducibility can further improve fNIRS utility in clinical settings. Continue reading
Sa-023-Explicitly Interpretable Classification of Functional Neuroimaging Data in Neuroergonomics with exFuzzy
Fuzzy logic systems provide a logical approach to analysing functional neuroimaging data. The Python-based ex-fuzzy package is a comprehensive toolbox for creating explicit human-readable fuzzy rule-based logic systems for data classification. It includes functions for generating AI-based explanations from summary and time-based fNIRS recording data. This study uses data from research on the neuroergonomics of cognitive load in surgeons to show how exFuzzy can be used for analytical tasks, producing accurate, interpretable explanations of neural activation. Continue reading
Sa-041-A high-density hyperspectral imaging system for real-time quantitative biochemical monitoring of ex vivo and in vivo brain tissue
We present here HyperProbe1.1; a hyperspectral imaging setup based on fast spectral scanning up to 127 spectral bands (385 to 1015 nm). It utilises a plasma laser source coupled to a flexible wavelength selector to access any wavelength with adjustable bandwidth (3 to 15 nm). HyperProbe1.1 captures images of a 1x1-cm2 field of view with 15.63-μm resolution. The setup has been fully characterised: enhanced image contrast, signal-to-noise ratio and stability ensure clearer and more interpretable imagery for quantitative biochemical analysis of the exposed cerebral tissue. HyperProbe1.1 will be applied to image fresh tumour biopsies and in preclinical models of glioma. Continue reading