Home » Posts tagged 'Neuromonitoring' (Page 3)
Tag Archives: Neuromonitoring
Fr-108-Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Based Cerebral Oximetry Monitoring in Extremely Preterm Infants: Discussion of Two Recent Controversial Clinical Trials (SafeBoosC-II, SafeBoosC-III)
There were two studies on the usefulness of near-infrared spectroscopy based cerebral oximetry (NIRSCO) in extremely preterm infants to prevent death or severe brain injury. The first smaller study showed a borderline significant but large effect. However, the second larger study showed no differences between the NIRSCO and control groups. Our statistical analysis showed that the results of the two studies are significantly different. Possible reasons for this discrepancy are discussed. Continue reading
Sa-002-Physiological response to partial and full body submerged, end-inspiratory, and end-tidal apnea
Physiological responses to apnea involve complex mechanisms to manage the distribution of oxygen, theorized to increase in magnitude with facial submersion in water. The different effects of apnea in wet conditions have been closely studied in experienced free divers, but the responses of untrained individuals to apnea under similar conditions are not well understood. Our study, using near-infrared and diffuse correlation spectroscopy, found that oxygen levels and blood flow increased significantly in cerebral regions but decreased in peripheral regions during apnea. Submersion intensified these effects in the brain, but not in other regions. These findings help specify how the body adapts to oxygen deprivation, relevant for conditions like sleep apnea. Continue reading
Sa-009-Assisting Diagnostic Applications of Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy for Depression and Bipolar disorder
Distinguishing between major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BP), and healthy individuals poses challenges due to overlapping symptoms and limited neuromonitoring tools. This study explores the potential of fNIRS technology to address this issue. Participants diagnosed with MDD, BP, and healthy controls underwent cognitive stimulation while hemodynamic responses were measured using fNIRS. Significant differences were observed in age, education, and task performance among groups. Hemodynamic features showed promise in distinguishing individuals with mood disorders from healthy controls. Continue reading
Fr-096-Reliability of brain metrics derived from a Time-Domain Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy System
We investigate the test-retest reliability (TRR) of a set of metrics derived from Time-Domain functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (TD-fNIRS) recordings. We adopted a repeated-measures design with 49 healthy participants, and quantified TRR over multiple time points, different headsets, and multiple tasks. High reliability was found in metrics including hemoglobin concentrations, head tissue light attenuation, amplitude of low frequency fluctuations, and functional connectivity. High reliability of TD-fNIRS metrics support its potential for developing brain-based biomarkers for neuropsychiatric and neurocognitive disorders. Continue reading
Fr-033-Evaluating neurologic recovery following acute injury: measuring residual brain activity using fNIRS
This study explores whether fNIRS can be used to predict outcomes of acutely brain-injured patients. Fourteen non-responsive patients were recruited after admission to the intensive care unit. Patients’ residual task-based brain activity was measured at the bedside using a 129-channel fNIRS system while they listened to different movie narratives. Using three validated analysis methods, between 20-36% of patients’ movie-related neural responses were statistically similar to controls (n =51). While most outcomes are undetermined pending ongoing data collection, the results provide early support for this methodology, as the degree of similarity was shown to be prognostic in two patients. Continue reading
Fr-023-A novel fNIRS approach for detecting consciousness after acute severe brain injury
In a series of studies, we evaluated whether fNIRS can detect sensory and command-driven neural processing in healthy participants and in behaviourally non-responsive patients. At the individual level, we demonstrate that fNIRS can detect commonly studied resting state networks, sensorimotor processing, speech perception, and command-driven brain activity. Testing fNIRS with three acutely unresponsive patients, we found that one could willfully modulate their brain activity – providing evidence of preserved consciousness despite no observable behavioural signs of awareness. These promising results highlight the potential of fNIRS as a tool for uncovering hidden cognitive states in critical care settings. Continue reading
Fr-016-Two-phase auditory evoked fNIRS responses in sleeping infants
Our research revealed a consistent two-phased fNIRS response indicative of changes in oxygenated blood concentration when infants are exposed to brief, repeated speech segments while asleep. We proposed a method to extract the independent components in the fNIRS responses based on Independent Component Analysis. We hypothesise that two extracted independent components consist of a positive component and a negative component. The extracted components are valuable features that can be used for objectively assessing hearing levels in sleeping infants. Continue reading
Su-061-First Episode Psychosis (FEP) Patients Show Increased Activity in Left Temporal-parietal Junction During Social Interaction
The neural mechanisms underlying symptoms in early psychosis are not well understood. We test the hypothesis that typical and early psychosis patients will differ in the neural responses to live face gaze. Neural activity utilizing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was measured from 14 first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and 20 typical (TD) individuals participating in a dyadic face-to-face interaction. fNIRS results showed a significantly higher responses in the left supramarginal gyrus (SMG)compared to TD individuals who showed similar changes in the right hemisphere. This difference in neural processing may indicate underlying mechanistic differences that can be utilized for diagnostic purposes. Continue reading