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Tag Archives: sfNIRS2024
Vi-001-Investigating Motor Imagery with fNIRS-BCI in Lower Limb Movements
This study investigates the utility of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) for detecting cortical brain activity during motor imagery tasks. Ten participants performed knee flexion and extension imagery tasks while multi-channel continuous wave fNIRS system records the signals from the motor cortex. Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms were employed to classify the data for fNIRS-BCI applications. SVM outperformed LDA, achieving accuracies of 88.8% and 89.4% for two-feature and three-feature combinations. Increased activation was observed in brain maps during knee flexion imagery. Continue reading
Fr-018-Evaluating Cortical Activity and Balance Performance in Alpine Skiers
The study evaluates the balance performance of young skiers using single-leg stance (SLS) and dual-leg stance (DLS) by measuring cortical activation using fNIRS and modified hope balance test (MHBT). A statistical framework Functional mix effect model was used to model the difference between right-leg stance (RLS), left-leg stance (LLS), and DLS. The results show a significant difference (P<0.0001) in motor cortex hemodynamics during SLS and DLS while no significant difference was found during RLS and LLS. The study also contrasts Broca regions' responses to various tasks. These findings contribute to understanding the neural mechanisms governing balance control in skiers. Continue reading
Fr-043-Prefrontal cortical activations when learning irregular features in words and person
Every word and person are unique, often displaying features that differ from the majority of others (irregular features). Learning irregular features is crucial but challenging. Inhibition, supported by the prefrontal cortex, is important for such learning in words (Qiu et al., 2023). However, it is unclear whether same prefrontal regions support irregularity learning across domains (word, person). Our study involves 35 adults learning regular and irregular features in words and person across five sessions, with fNIRS recording prefrontal cortical activations. Analyses will uncover neural substrates of irregularity learning in word and person domains, and how the activations change over sessions. Continue reading
Fr-052-Quantifying cerebral metabolic and microvascular parameters during and after the cardiac arrest
Cardiac arrest (CA) is a massive and terrifying health problem. Minimizing the effects of CA on the brain requires quantitative real-time bedside monitoring of the cerebral status. We apply a coherent hemodynamic spectroscopy model to cerebral hemodynamic data from a pig model of the cardiac arrest, which allows for recovering various microvascular and metabolic parameters of the brain. This provides valuable knowledge of the impact of CA on the brain and ways to improve treatment. In the future our approach may lead to a clinical non-invasive technique for measuring microvascular and metabolic parameters in CA patients. Continue reading
Fr-051-Frontoparietal network connectivity among preschool-aged offspring at familial risk for ADHD
Aberrant connectivity in the frontoparietal network (FPN) of preschool-aged children may precede ADHD symptoms and serve as early markers of risk for the development of childhood ADHD. FPN connectivity was assessed, using fNIRS, among 4- and 5-year-old children at high and low familial risk for ADHD. Increased connectivity between the prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal appears to be necessary to sustained attention for young children likely to develop ADHD. Continue reading
Vi-027-Using fNIRs to explore neural correlates of the clinical progression of Parkinson Disease during the miniBESTest: A protocol for a pilot feasibility study
Parkinson Disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that results in impaired motor function due to loss of dopamine in the basal ganglia. Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a unique technology in PD research because we can observe the brain hemodynamic response during naturalistic movements. The current study aims to determine the feasibility of using fNIRS during common clinical test batteries among people with PD (PwP), specifically in the feasibility of testing protocol, the utility of a range of fNIRS related outcome measures, and collect outcome data to determine the sample size required for future large-scale trials with fNIRS in PwP. Continue reading
Fr-044-Multimodal Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and 9.4T MRI shows reduced perfusion and abnormal oxidative metabolism in the EAE mouse model of MS
While multiple sclerosis (MS) is typically considered a white matter disease, there is prominent evidence that gray matter pathology, such as hypoxia, disruptions in metabolic rate and mitochondrial dysfunction are involved as well. We are applying a novel multimodal technique combining near-infrared spectroscopy and high-field MRI to study the mitochondrial status as well as oxygen delivery and consumption in the cortex of the EAE mouse model of MS. Reduced perfusion, and consequent hypoxia, with abnormal mitochondrial regulation and no change in consumption rate were found in EAE mice. Hypoxia and mitochondrial damage are likely to exacerbate the pathology in MS. Continue reading
Fr-040-A transportable hyperspectral imaging setup based on fast, high-density spectral scanning for in situ quantitative biochemical mapping of fresh tissue biopsies
We present here a transportable, high-density, hyperspectral imaging setup, named HyperProbe1, to provide in situ, fast biochemical analysis of fresh surgical samples, within 1 hour after excision. The system is applied on ex vivo biopsies of glioma from routine patients, including different tumour gradings. Quantitative analysis of the composition of the tissue is performed via fast spectral unmixing to map biomarkers, such as oxy- and deoxyhaemoglobin, cytochrome-c-oxidase and lipid content. The versatility of HyperProbe1 can enable its utilisation as investigative tool to provide tailored HSI technology, that could be translated into the clinics as compact, cost-effective prototypes for intraoperative neuronavigation. Continue reading
Fr-039-Aberrant Neural Response and Eye Gaze Pattern in Girls with Fragile X Syndrome
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) presents significant challenges in social interaction, yet understanding the neural mechanisms and associated behaviors in affected individuals remains limited. We employed fNIRS and eye gaze tracking to investigate brain dynamics and eye gaze behavior during face-to-face conversation in 35 girls with FXS and 31 matched controls. FXS girls exhibited hyperactivity in prefrontal and temporal cortical areas alongside reduced eye contact and aberrant gaze patterns. Correlational analyses showed a close association between the aberrant brain activity and gaze behaviors. These findings shed light on FXS's neural underpinnings in social contexts, offering potential targets for therapeutic interventions. Continue reading
Fr-038-Left fetal temporal sulcus depth predicts speech discrimination abilities at birth
This pilot study examined the longitudinal relationship between superior temporal sulcus (STS) depth in fetuses and their speech discrimination abilities at birth. Overall, neonates had a significantly larger hemodynamic response to forward than to backward speech, particularly in the left hemisphere. Importantly, a deeper left fetal STS correlated with decreased activation within the right hemisphere during neonatal speech discrimination. We hypothesize that earlier fetal development of the left STS is beneficial for speech perception abilities at birth. Continue reading