Home » Posts tagged 'Cognitive and Social Neuroscience' (Page 5)
Tag Archives: Cognitive and Social Neuroscience
Sa-047-Rhythmic discrimination of languages in infants with hearing loss
This study investigates the ability of 0-10-month-old infants with hearing loss (n=31) to discriminate between two rhythmically different languages. Infants’ brain responses were recorded using fNIRS during the audio presentation of the two languages. A control group of age-matched normal hearing infants (n=45) was also tested. Preliminary results suggest similar processing abilities across the two groups for the native language compared to the non-native one. Continue reading
Sa-067-Unlocking unique reactions: Novel insights into four cerebral and systemic responses to colored light
In this case study, we investigated physiological responses to colored light exposure (CLE) using systemic physiology augmented functional near-infrared spectroscopy (SPA-fNIRS). Four subjects were exposed to blue and red light while performing a cognitive task. Physiological parameters, such as cerebral hemodynamics, blood pressure, skin conductance and respiration, were monitored. Subjects exhibited unique response patterns: consistent responses regardless of light color (pattern 1), minimal difference between light colors (pattern 2), mirrored effects across parameters (pattern 3), and divergent trends (pattern 4). These findings underscore the individual variability in response to CLE and emphasize the importance of considering the individual physiological constitution in such studies. Continue reading
Sa-064-Analytical pipeline optimisation in developmental fNIRS hyperscanning during children’s naturalistic interactions
Neural synchrony may be elicited during children’s interactions with others; however, optimization of analytical pipelines for naturalistic, dual-brain fNIRS data is required for accurate interpretation of results. This study investigates brain-to-brain synchrony between preschoolers and mothers, and the effect of short channels regression on its computation. We also implement a phase-scrambled pseudo dyad analysis to better understand the origins of brain-to-brain synchrony. After physiological noise reduction, the alignment of children and parents’ functional brain activity appears robust and related to dynamics of real interaction, particularly in deoxygenated haemoglobin. Continue reading
Vi-015-An fNIRS assessment of Multilingual Speakers’ Hemispheric Lateralization using Picture naming
Multilinguals’ navigation through multiple language systems utilizing one cognitive system is of recent interest. Using picture-naming, assessed through fNIRS modality, this study explores prefrontal brain activations amongst neurotypical multilinguals from four provinces of Pakistan. 12 right-handed participants utilized native language (Punjabi, Pushto, Sindhi or Balochi), first language (Urdu) and second language (English) distinctively in the experiment. Imaging results demonstrate significant activation of the right prefrontal cortex along with left laterality. Heavier cognitive load appeared when using English in comparison to other language(s). It concludes right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and medial prefrontal cortex play a vital role in language processing. Continue reading
Sa-062-Effects of Glucose Ramune Candy Intake on Brain Activity During Cognitive Tasks and Phychophysiological States
This study investigated the effect of glucose Ramune candy intake on brain activity during cognitive tasks and psychophysiological status in healthy young adults. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover study was conducted using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), cognitive tasks, heart rate variability analysis and psychological questionnaires. The main results showed significant improvements in the accuracy of an attention task and prefrontal activity during a working memory task following the intake of glucose Ramune candy. In addition, scores on the Energetic Arousal+ and Vitality-Activity scales increased in the glucose condition. These results suggest that glucose Ramune candies may improve mood, brain activity and attention. Continue reading
Sa-085-The Influence of the Believability of Conclusions on Cortical Activation During Categorical Syllogistic Reasoning Tasks
Research on syllogistic reasoning tasks has explored the effects of belief by assessing if conflicts exist between the believability and logical validity of conclusions (belief-logic conflict). However, it is also indicated that cortical activation differences can stem from the believability of the conclusion, independent of the belief-logic conflict. This study investigated whether the believability of conclusions affects reasoning also in categorical syllogistic reasoning tasks and how these interact with the conflicts. we confirmed that differences in cortical activation in these tasks correlate with the believability of conclusions. Continue reading