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Sa-030-Interactive Multi-Touch Games Enhance Prefrontal and Cognitive Flexibility Related Network Activities and Inter-Brain Synchrony in the Elderly
This study investigated effects of interactive multi-touch game-based cognitive interventions (ICI) on enhancing prefrontal and cognitive flexibility related network activities in the elderly. This randomized controlled trial with 32 elderly participants revealed significant post-intervention improvements in the ICI group in cognitive flexibility measured by the Stroop test as well as, prefrontal activation, and network connectivity analyzed by functional near-infrared spectroscopy data compared to the traditional cognitive intervention (TCI) group. Furthermore, hyperscanning analysis during the intervention showed that ICI significantly boosted both intra- and inter-brain synchrony, but not in the TCI group. These results highlighted the possibility of collaborative digital games as a novel strategy for cognitive intervention in the elderly. Continue reading
Sa-029-Impact of Digital Upper Limb Rehabilitation on Cortical Activation in Patients with Stroke
This study evaluated cortical activation during digital rehabilitation using the functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) monitoring in 18 chronic stroke patients. The participants demonstrated diverse task performances in the digital upper limb (UL) rehabilitation program and distinct cortical activation patterns that varied with different motor function levels in the diverse cortical areas such as ipsilesional primary motor area, primary somatosensory area, and contralateral prefrontal cortices. The integration of task performance scores with fNIRS data significantly improved classification accuracy of motor impairment severity while using the K-NN algorithm. These findings support developing personalized digital rehabilitation strategies and underscoring the need for further research. Continue reading
Sa-070-Attention Modulation Using fNIRS: Extracting Default Mode and Dorsal Attention Networks
We present a new method for the extraction of the default mode and dorsal attention networks using resting state and task-based whole-head fNIRS data. Results showed robust test-retest reliability, high positive intra-network and negative inter-network correlations. Continue reading
Fr-012-Somatotopic organization of the thumb and shoulder Nogier points in the primary somatosensory cortex using HD-fNIRS
This study investigated the somatotopic representation of thumb and shoulder Nogier points in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) using high density functional near-infrared spectroscopy in 17 healthy adults. Tactile stimulation at these points revealed distinct lateral (thumb) and medial (shoulder) activations, with ipsilateral dominance for the thumb and contralateral for the shoulder. A positive correlation was found between reported stimulation pressure and brain activity. Mild pain and pressure sensations were reported, confirming the somatotopic organization of ear points in S1, which has implications for understanding sensory mapping and its clinical and therapeutic applications. Continue reading
Sa-097-Attrition rates on an infant fNIRS social touch study
This work examines the attrition rates among infants on a study exploring social touch. Forty-seven infants were assessed using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) at 6 months, of which 34 infants have returned for a 10-month visit at the time of writing. Attrition Rate was 10.6% at 6 months of age and 47% among 10-month-olds. Given that the paradigm remained the same at both time points, it appears that older infant age is an important factor contributing to attrition rates in our study. Continue reading
Su-016-Long-Term Continuous Monitoring of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage using Diffuse Correlation Spectroscopy
We present data from long-term continuous optical monitoring of a patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage, a rare medical condition requiring treatment in intensive care to prevent brain damage from complications such as vasospasm. Diffuse correlation spectroscopy (DCS) data was collected at three separations, and clinical data including ECG data and arterial blood pressure were collected from clinical monitors. Drug administration times were collected from the medical record. We show that DCS is a viable method for long-term continuous bedside monitoring and, based on treatment-induced physiological changes, that systemic blood pressure is not a suitable surrogate marker for brain blood flow. Continue reading
Su-062-Cortical activity during painful and non-painful stimulation over four lower limb body sites: a functional near infrared spectroscopy study
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) holds potential utility as a measure of neural correlates of pain. However, most studies have focused on upper limb stimulation. In this study, we utilized fNIRS to observe cerebral oxygenated hemoglobin changes in 16 healthy participants undergoing painful/non-painful electrical stimulation of bilateral groins and knees. Results revealed prefrontal cortex deactivation during painful stimulation, notably left groin. Varying lower limb stimulation yields distinct activation patterns in primary somatosensory cortex, providing evidence for cortical pain processing and fNIRS feasibility in studying pain mechanisms across lower limb regions. Continue reading
Su-050-Deep Learning-based prediction of superficial layer depth and optical properties in fNIRS
Superficial layer thickness and optical properties often confound the ability of fNIRS to provide accurate prediction of the derived hemodynamic response of the brain from measurements. A methodology based on Deep Learning is presented, trained on noise-added simulated data, demonstrating accurate recovery of the unknown depth and optical properties of two layer phantoms, using experimental measurements. It is shown to out-perform classical optimization approaches, demonstrating the advantages of data-driven approaches for parameter recovery. Continue reading
Fr-009-Orthostatic Hypotension in Parkinson’s Disease is Associated with Lower Neural Efficiency During Verbal Letter Fluency Testing While Upright: An fNIRS Study
In Parkinson’s disease (PD) orthostatic hypotension (OH) is associated with cognitive impairment. This study aimed to determine positional differences in cognitive performance and cerebral hemodynamics in PD with and without OH, since OH could be a treatable risk factor for cognitive dysfunction. Participants with PD with OH (n=4) and without OH (n=8) underwent repeated cognitive testing in supine/sitting and upright positions while wearing a functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) sensor. The group with OH had low neural efficiency during the verbal letter fluency test while upright, supporting the hypothesis that impaired cerebral hemodynamic regulation contributes to cognitive impairment. Continue reading
Fr-027-Evaluating Statistical Learning with Qualitative Regressors: A GLM Methodology for HD-DOT Data
The brain uses environmental sensory inputs to make predictions about future events, a process known as statistical learning. Since prediction confidence is a measure of the likelihood of prediction accuracy, it may modulate the brain’s response to prediction-making. To explore this, we collected high-density diffuse optical tomography data from twenty participants tasked with playing a stock market prediction game. A general linear model was used to fit a linear combination of haemodynamic and qualitative regressors to the task-related responses. Preliminary results suggest that both prediction error and confidence regressors modulate prefrontal cortex activity differently. Continue reading